圣－桑：雅沃特／帕丽萨蒂斯/SAINT-SAENS: Javotte / Parysatis

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- 圣－桑：雅沃特／帕丽萨蒂斯
  SAINT-SAENS: Javotte / Parysatis
  专辑号：8.223612
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圣－桑：雅沃特／帕丽萨蒂斯/SAINT-SAENS: Javotte / Parysatis
[ 介绍 ]
Camille Saint-Saëns (1835-1921) Javotte • Parysatis: Airs du ballet Like Mozart and Mendelssohn, Camille Saint-Saëns showedremarkable precocity as a child, first shown in piano lessons from hisgreat-aunt at the age of two and a half. He coupled with his musical interestsa wide general enthusiasm for learning of all kinds, literary and scientific,and was, as a composer, to produce music of many genres during a career thatspanned the second half of the nineteenth century and the first two decades ofthe twentieth, starting in a period that knew Mendelssohn and continuing beyondthe death of Debussy. Saint-Saëns was born in Paris in 1835, the son of a clerk inthe government service, who died shortly after the birth of his only child. Hewas cared for by his mother and her adoptive aunt, whose husband had recentlydied. It was she who gave him his first piano lessons. Thereafter he studiedwith Camille Stamaty, a pupil of Kalkbrenner and of Mendelssohn, and appearedin public concerts as a child, having, by the age of ten, memorised all theBeethoven piano sonatas. At the same time he showed an aptitude for andinterest in a great variety of subjects. In 1848 he entered the Conservatoire,studying the organ with Benoist and composition with Halévy, and continuing toshow his gifts as a pianist, organist and composer. His intellectual curiosityled him to espouse the cause of contemporary music, as well as the revival ofmusic by earlier composers. A member of the circle of Pauline Viardot, a valued friend,Saint-Saëns taught briefly at the newly established Ecole Niedermeyer, wherehis pupils included Gabriel Fauré, a musician with whom he established a closerelationship. In 1871, after the disasters of the Franco-Prussian war, he wasinstrumental in the foundation of the Société Nationale de Musique, with itsaim of propagating French music, Ars Gallica. His great-aunt died in 1872 andthree years later he contracted a marriage that came to an abrupt end six yearslater, after the earlier death of his two sons. The death of his mother in 1888left him alone and he spent much of his later life travelling, accompanied byhis dog and a loyal manservant. By the time of his own death in Algeria in 1921he had to some extent outlived his reputation at home. In France this was theage now of Les Six. Debussy was dead, Fauré was near the end of his life, andStravinsky had already, some eight years earlier, scandalized Paris with hisRite of Spring. Saint-Saëns continued to compose, although Ravel unkindlysuggested that in war-time he might have been more productively employed. Abroadhe retained something more of his earlier fame. Once known as the FrenchMendelssohn, he had written music that appealed to audiences in much the sameway as his predecessor’s, for its clarity of texture and its attractive powersof invention, calculated to delight rather than to shock. 1896 brought the death of Ambroise Thomas, director of theConservatoire, and the opportunity for Fauré to join the teaching staff.Saint-Saëns was finding interest in a ballet scenario sent him by J.L.Croze,who worked at the Folies-Marigny. That theatre failed, however, and whenattempts to interest La Monnaie in Brussels in the project came to nothing, thenew ballet, Javotte, was eagerly taken on by Lyon, where it was staged. It wasmounted at the Opéra in Paris in 1909. The play Parysatis, by Jane Dieulafoy, was first staged inthe Arena at Béziers in August 1902, with incidental music by Saint-Saëns. JaneHenriette Magre Dieulafoy shared with her husband, Marcel-Auguste Dieulafoy,archaeological investigations in Persia in 1881-82 and 1884-86, expeditionsthat led to significant additions to the collections of the Louvre. In additionto the publications of her husband, Jane Dieulafoy wrote a number of books,including illustrated reports of the excavations and discoveries of the Frenchexpeditions. In France she chose to dress as a man, and after the performanceof her orientalist play Parysatis, appeared on stage, wearing her short jacketand breeches, with Saint-Saëns, to acknowledge the very considerable applauseof the audience, as Fauré reported. The name of the heroine Parysatis is taken from the Persianword for swallow. The historical Parysatis was the half-sister and wife ofDarius II. She was the mother of Cyrus, who rebelled against his brotherArtaxerxes, and the play opens with the death of Cyrus, and the furtherplotting of Parysatis in the dynastic struggles of the time. The music thatSaint-Saëns provided for the work was written principally during a visit toEgypt in 1901, when he stayed in an exotic villa on an island in the Nile,thanks to the brother of the Khedive, Mohammed Ali Pasha. The full ballet musicfrom Act II of Parysatis includes Le rossignol et la rose (The Nightingale andthe Rose), a wordless song suggested by a Greek singer he had heard inAlexandria. The present recording includes only the instrumental introductionand three ballet scenes, as exotic in mood as much of the rest of the score. Javotte: Synopsis [1] The first scene, La fête au village, opens in thevillage square. The place is decorated with greenery. To the left is a tree,with a bench beneath it, and a platform for the musicians. In the background isa church. As the curtain rises the dance is in full swing, the stage filledwith couples. Jean, who is in love with Javotte, is sitting apart, on thebench, refusing the invitations of girls to join them in the dance, as he waitssadly for the appearance of his beloved. The girls give up, laughing at him, ashe moves away. The dance continues. [2] The scene is interrupted by the arrivalof Javotte’s angry father and mother. They approach the constable, dressed forthe holiday, and explain to him that their daughter has escaped from the houseand come, presumably, to join her lover. They ask everyone if they have seenher, but they all deny it. They are about to continue their search, but theconstable offers his services to catch the bird and put her back in the cage.The three of them go out. The dance resumes, and the couples laugh again atJean, who has returned, still sighing for his beloved. [3] Javotte now appears,running, out of breath, happy and laughing, and throws herself into Jean’sarms. [4] They dance together, [5] and this is followed by a Bourrée, danced bythe whole company, joined by Javotte and Jean. [6] The church bell rings and the dance stops. The girlshurry to attend Vespers, and the others follow, leaving Jean and Javotte alone,with a small group of drinkers sitting at a table in the background. Javotte isthoughtful, and Jean questions her and invites her to kiss him, now they arealone. She refuses, admitting her fault in disobeying her parents, and burstsinto tears, consoled by Jean. She thinks her friends are better than she is,since they have gone into the church. [7] Javotte’s parents return, without the constable. Whenher father sees her, he is about to strike her, but she takes refuge with hermother, admitting her fault, begging her pardon and ready to return home. 8They go off together, leaving Jean more than ever the butt of the mockery ofthe young people, who now re-appear. [9] The second scene, A la maison, is set in the house ofJavotte’s parents. It is a typical rustic interior, with a lamp, a clock, adresser. Near the table there is a spinning-wheel. Through the large window atthe back the lights of the village festival can be seen. Javotte’s parents arethere, and her mother sets her daughter to work with the washing-up andsweeping, and then, when she has finished, spinning. Her parents set out forthe village celebration, her father rejuvenated at the thought of dancing anddrinking. She is to be punished by staying at home to look after the house anddo the housework. They are about to go, when her father turns back to close thewindow and lock the door. [10] Javotte starts her work, but drops one of thedishes, which breaks. She deserves her punishment, and yet dancing is such apleasure and Jean loves her, and is so handsome. As she muses on this, shetakes from her sash the flowers that Jean had given her and kisses them,sighing. She sketches out a few dance steps, breaks off in remorse, [11] andreturns to work at the spinning-wheel. The thread tangles and then breaks, andshe casts her work aside, turning instead to knitting, but after a few stitchesshe has had enough of that, throws it down, and starts to dance again. Afterdancing, she takes up the broom. There is a knock at the door, but she cannotopen it. There is more knocking, now at the window, [12] which she runs toopen. It is Jean, who has been waiting for Javotte’s parents to go. He jumps inthrough the window, and kisses Javotte, who takes him by the hand, like anhonoured guest, and shows him the room with a lamp, a clock and a dresser. [13]Then, with leaps of joy that bring some disorder to the room, she dances withher lover. They agree to run away together, leaving through the window. [14] Javotte’s parents soon return, her father slightlytipsy, and her mother somewhat dishevelled. The day is drawing to a close. Theysee the room in disorder and the window open, and understand what has happened.At this moment there is a knock at the door and the constable appears, assuringthem that he has found their daughter and her lover. The parents preparethemselves for their daughter’s return, only to meet two strangers. They thinkthat they are being made fun of, and a quarrel follows, as the scene comes toan end in general confusion. [15] The third scene, La reine du bal, is again set in thevillage. It is night and the dancing is lit by lanterns. All the villagers arethere, [16] and the leading people come together to choose the festival queen.They decide to choose the best dancer from among the girls. [17] The firstcompetitor comes forward to dance, but the judges are not quite satisfied. [18]A second dances, with the same result, [19] while after the third, the judgesdisagree. [20] A fourth girl dances, but the judges cannot make up their minds.[21] At this point Javotte and Jean appear, [22] and Javotte dances for thejudges, outshining her rivals, [23] and is proclaimed queen. [24] The fourunsuccessful competitors console themselves by dancing with their partners. [25] Javotte’s parents appear, with the constable, whodemands Jean and Javotte, in the name of the law. [26] They are shielded by theother young people, who say they do not know where the fugitives are.Eventually, though, they are found. Javotte’s father wants to kill them, onlyrestrained by the constable, who rebukes the young couple. Jean pleads thatthey are in love and ready to marry. Javotte’s parents discuss the mattertogether, [27] and then agree to the match. [28] Javotte is borne in atriumphant procession as queen of the festival, Jean with her. [29] Then theydance together, [30] and there is a dance for the girls, [31] and a final dancein which all join. Keith Anderson

专辑列表

Javotte

1: Scene 1: La fete au village - Ensemble

04:44

2: Scene 1: La fete au village - Entrance of Javottes parents, with the constable (Entree du pere, de la mere de Javotte et du grade champetre