| 1. 三和弦结构/Triad Structures (patterns) |
三和弦是由三个音组成，包含从最低音上数第三音和第五音的。也可描述为三度叠置。三和弦根据音程的性质分大，小，增，减。也可以转换作中间的音或最上面的音放在原最低音下。值得注意的是，音程是向上度量的。
Triads are patterns of three notes consisting of a note with a third and a fifth added, counting upwards from the lowest note. This may also be described as a note with a third above it, on which another third is added above that. Triads are variously described as major, minor, augmented or diminished, according to the quality of the intervals between the notes. They may also be inverted, with the middle note or top note placed below the original bottom note. It should be noticed that intervals are measured upwards. |
| 2. 三和弦的质/Quality of triads |
根据最低音与中间音之间，中间音与最高音之间的第三音的性质，三和弦可分为大，小，增或减。
Triads may be major, minor, augmented or diminished according to the quality of the thirds between the bottom and middle note, and between the middle note and the top note of the three. |
| 3. 和弦/Chord |
和弦是许多音同时发声。也有例外，只有两个音同时发声。和弦通常被定义为一个音以上的任何数量的音同时发声。
A chord is a simultaneous sounding of a number of notes. Some exclude from this definition the simultaneous sounding of only two notes. In general, however, a chord may be described as the simultaneous sounding of any number of notes more than one. |
| 4. 转位和弦/Chord inversion |
当和弦的底音置于任意其他音之上时，就出现了转位和弦。最简单的形式三和弦，可转位为原中间音或原最上面的音置于底部。三和弦第一转位是将原第三音置于底部。三和弦第二转位是将原最上面的音置于底部。
Chord inversions occur when the bottom note of a chord is placed above any of the other notes. In their simplest form, triads, or three-note chords, may be inverted by having either the original middle or the original top note at the bottom. The first inversion of a triad has the original third at the bottom. The second inversion of a triad has the original top note at the bottom. |
| 5. 大三和弦/Major triad |
大三和弦是包含根音在内的三音和弦，其上为小三和弦。同理，大三度的根音加其上的纯五度。把大自然音阶的音作为根音，只使用该音阶的音，大三和弦可由主音，下属音和属音构成，即该音阶的第一、第四和第五级音。
A major triad is a chord of three notes consisting of a root, and a major third with a minor third added above it. This is the same as a root with a major third and a perfect fifth above it. Taking the notes of the major diatonic scale as roots, and using only the notes of that scale, major triads may be formed on the tonic, subdominant and dominant, that is the first, fourth and fifth degrees of the scale. |
| 6. 小三和弦/Minor triad |
大三和弦是包含根音在内的三音和弦，其上为大三和弦。同理，小三度的根音加其上的纯五度。把大自然音阶的音作为根音，只使用该音阶的音，小三和弦可由上主音，中音和下中音构成，即该音阶的第二、第三和第六级音。
A minor triad is a chord of three notes consisting of a root, and a minor third with a major third added above it. This is the same as a root with a minor third and a perfect fifth above it. Taking the notes of the major diatonic scale as roots, and using only the notes of that scale, minor triads may be formed on the supertonic, mediant and submediant, that is the second, third and sixth degrees of the scale. |
| 7. 根音/Root |
和弦的根音是原和弦建立在其上的音。底部有根音的和弦为本位和弦。根音是和弦的基础。
The root of a chord is the note on which the original chord is built. A chord with the root at the bottom is said to be in root position. The root is also known as the fundamental of a chord. |
| 8. 三和弦结构/Triad structure |
三和弦为三个音和弦。其可表述为三度叠置。与以第三音为根音其上加第五音相同。
A triad is a three-note chord. It can be described as a root or fundamental with a third placed above it, over which a further third is added. This is the same as a root or fundamental with a third and a fifth added above it. |
| 9. 功能和弦/Tertian chords |
功能和弦由三度音构成。包括大三和弦，小三和弦，增三和弦和减三和弦，由superimposed thirds组成。更多的功能和弦可在原三和弦的基础上加上更大音程的三度，加从根音算起的第七，第九，第十一音等等
Tertian chords are made up of thirds. The phrase includes triads in the form of major triads, minor triads, augmented triads and diminished triads, which consist of superimposed thirds. Extended tertian chords simply add further intervals of a third to the original triad, giving intervals of a seventh, ninth, eleventh and so on from the root. |
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