| 1. 增三和弦/Augmented triads |
增三和弦是根音上加一个大三度的三音和弦，其上加一个大三度。同理，根音加大三度，其上增五度。
An augmented triad is a three-note chord with a major third added over the root, and a major third added above that. This is the same as a root with a major third and an augmented fifth added above it. |
| 2. 减三和弦/Diminished triads |
减三和弦是根音上加一个小三度的三音和弦，其上加一个小三度。同理，根音加小三度，其上加一个减五度。
A diminished triad is a three-note chord with a minor third added over the root and a minor third added above that. This is the same as a root with a minor third and a diminished fifth added above it. |
| 3. 大三和弦/Major triad pattern |
大三和弦是包含加大三度的根音在内的三音和弦，其上加一个小三度。同理，加大三度的根音，其上加一个纯五度。大三和弦的三个音作为和弦听上去同时发声或相继发声。
The major triad pattern is a pattern of three notes consisting of a root or fundamental with a major third added above it, and a minor third added above that. This is the same as a root with a major third and a perfect fifth added above it. The triad may have its three notes sounded simultaneously as a chord, or its notes may be arpeggiated, broken or sounded one after the other. |
| 4. 小三和弦/Minor triad pattern |
大三和弦是包含加小三度的根音在内的三音和弦，其上加一个大三度。同理，加小三度的根音，其上加一个纯五度。小三和弦的三个音作为和弦听上去同时发声或相继发声。
The minor triad pattern is a pattern of three notes consisting of a root or fundamental with a minor third added above it, and a major third added above that. This is the same as a root with a minor third and a perfect fifth added above it. The triad may have its three notes sounded simultaneously as a chord, or its notes may be arpeggiated, broken or sounded one after the other. |
| 5. 罗马数字解释/Roman numeral analysis |
在和声分析中，通常用罗马数字来表示构成和弦根音的音阶。音阶的第一级即主音，用罗马数字I表示，第二级即上主音用罗马数字II表示，第三级即中音用罗马数字III表示，第四级即下属音用罗马数字IV表示，第五级即属音用罗马数字V表示，第六级即下中音用罗马数字VI表示，第七级即导音用罗马数字VII表示。举例来说，在C大调中，C=I, D=II, E=III, F=IV, G=V, A=VI and B=VII. 这些数字用来表示音阶或建于此音阶上的三和弦。
In harmonic analysis it is usual to give Roman numerals to indicate degrees of the scale that form the roots of chords. Thus the first degree of the scale, or tonic, is indicated by the Roman numeral I, the second degree or supertonic is II, the third degree or mediant is III, the fourth degree or subdominant is IV, the fifth degree or dominant is V, the sixth degree or submediant is VI, and the seventh degree or leading tone (leading note) is VII. In the key of C major, for example, C=I, D=II, E=III, F=IV, G=V, A=VI and B=VII. These numerals are used to indicate either the degree of the scale or the triad built on such a degree of the scale. |
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